Electric brake.



F..B. RAE.

ELECTRIC BRAKE.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 1o. 190s.

F. B. RAE.

ELECTRIC BRAKE.

APPLIUATION PILBD JAN. 1o, 1906.

Patsnted June 2Q, 1909.

F. B. RAB.

ELECTRIC BRAKE.

APPLIUATION FILED JAH. 10, 1906.

926,605. Patented June 29, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

L Q-mroll Daran/F a" 7 /v l5. Rue

F. B. RAE.

ELECTRIC BRAKE.

APPLTOATION FILED JAN. l0A 1906.

g Patented June 29, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

wc in? a ,5y v el!! tinnen@ sfrrtirne eiwit-nir ernten.

FRANK B, RAN, UF DETROIT, MICH IGAN, ASSIGNOR, .BY llSNl] ASSIGNMENTS,Tt) RAE ELICUTIUU UUUIANY, GORPORATIOY ()l MICHIGAN.

ELECTRIC BRAKE.

No. 925,605. Specification of Letters Patent. rntented June 29, 1909.

Application filed January 10, 1906. Serial Nn. 295.346.

To all w71 om 'it /may/ (fonemi/i.:

Be it known that l', lrnrxNi( B. Ihn, n` eitizen ot the VUnited States,residingF :it Detroit, in the eonntv ot' ilfiiyne :ind Sttte ot' Michigrin, have invented certa-in ne. sind useful improvements in EleetrieBrakes, ot which the following is :t t'nll, elettr, and exact speci-'lien-,tion

This invention relates to hrale Inet-,hitnisin and has particularreferentie to the eontrolling ineens for regulating the nppliention otpressure to the broke.

The ohjeet is to provide means for elet-- trieiilly controlling theoilierzitine; pressure, thus ohvintingl the necessity of tir-:rin pipeconnections hotiveen the several eins ol' n. multiple unit system.

The invention is peenlifn'ly :ipplienhle l'or use in systems whereinseveral ein-s fire opernted together, nrltl'ioueh ot course, the`invention may he operated upon :my one ein' independently ol he others,either :ilone or when eoupled with other ears l Brondly speaking' theinvention eolnprises :L suitable brake ineelntnisin with n reservoireontsiinine nir under pressure, n valve Controlling the introduction ol'pressure troni the reservoir to the iii-olie cylinder, :ind eleetrieiilmeans tor operating the valve. A pzirtieulirr novel vnlve which l use islgoverned l y' :t eontrollernnd is :idnpted to admit pressure to thehrfrlte cylinder and then to release it mitonnitieitlly, :ind to repentthis- :ietion indefinitely :is long :is the controlling ineens is heldin a certain position. By this construction n` nuniher of verypo\\'ei'l"i :l i ut short applications et' the` hrfike are given and themomentum of the vehit'le will lie arrested hy this "l'zinnin;{ :ii-tionwithout shriek and without sliiddine' the wheels.

The invention will he more particularly deserilfed with reference to thetorni thereotI shown in the :uieoinpnnyingg drirtvings. in which 'Yltiegure l is :t dizrrgrinn vieuY ol- :L system ernlmodyingr myinvention, Fig. is :L detti-ii .seetionrd vienY ol' the motor and theeontrolling-f valve, Fig'. I is en end view-olI tho motor .shown inl"i;. 2, Fig, f ir on end ri` w ol' the valve showing the position olIthe ports, Figs. 5, (i und 7 are detail views of the `valve slideshowin;` rtwlnrtiveiy the outer side, a vertical seetion, :rnd the innerside oll the sinne. Fig. S is o top view, and Fig. t) n seetionnl vieu',ol the ront roller l'or the electric circuits, lties. l() :nid H :ireres-peetivelydetail end nnd side views ol the eont'not segments in themotor. Fie'. l'l is :t diagram ot n. modified system, showing :iditl'erent fn'- riingernent pt' eireuits and niodilied form of vulve,zind Figs. lit to 16 inclusive irre din- Arinus showing' variousinoditied arrangements olI circuits.

ltet'erring more pin'tieulztrly to the drawings, l, l, represent thereservoirs upon the various ours, 2, the hrzrlie Cylinders, and o. vulveeontrolline` the eonnnunientions hetween the reservoir and hrzrliecylinder.

ln Fig. l :i pipe l lends t'roin reservoir 1 to vnlve 3, :ind pipes 5:ind t lend to therespeetive sides ol' the hrirlie pistons in the broke,eylinder. The piston rods ure loosetypiieked in the ends ol` the hrirkeeylinder to permit :tir to pass troni that side oll thehrzrke pistons tothe atmosphere. ln order to permit the .system to he operated tronieither end ofthe mir, the volvo T muy he loezited :it the other' end,und the vulve 3 oonneoted hy pipes 8, t) :ind 1t) respectively withreservoir 1 and pipes 5 and t3. The slntl't ll ol' Inotor M inziy henttziehed dirertly to vulve i; tei-red, hut in order to perinit themechanism to he operated without using the electrical inenns ill sodesired, l provide :L separate oontrolline vulve l'.) :ind hy pipes l, H:ind l5 Connect it respectively with pipes 'l, 5 amd t, :ind l :ittin-hslnil't Il ot' inotor )l directlyr to vulve l2. Motor )l is providedwith sopor-:ite lield coils lti :ind l,-\\'herehy :is one or the otherof said Coils is energized the nrnniture 1S will nnilce n quin-terrevolution in one or the other direotion :ind stop. A spring lt) is:Lttziehed to slnttt l1, or to n.11 urin 2t) thereon, :ind norinnllyholds Shiift il in position to eloso :ill the ports ot' vulve l2 :indthus shut ofi' eonnnuniention between the reservoir :1nd hrzilie(cylinder. trio Current` is derived from any suitable source, :is tronithe trolley Where the cnrs :ire eier-.triezilly propelled, or from :lgenerator or storage lmttery onrried by the. cnr where the hitter ispropelled by :in engine. eleetrie controller 2l is provided with theeontnet segments 22, 22%, 24 and 25, these heiner so arranged thatyhlnde 26, whiehhy insulation is divided into tn'o pzirts one on Theelec-v if prenected by wire each side of the pivot, first contacts withsegment 22 or 23 without making contact with segment 24 or 25. When theblade is moved farther it contacts with both segments 22, 25 or 23:, 24.The connections shown are as follows: From the source of supply a wire27 leads to the switch blade.

26. A wire 28 leads from segment 22 to wire 29 which extends the lengthof the car, and Where several cars are operated together the wires 29 ofthe several cars are connected. From wire 29 a wire 3() leads to fieldcoil 16,. and from'thence a wire 31, connected toboth field coils 16 and17, leads to the brush 32 of motor M. From brush 33 of motor M a wire 34leads to the brush 35 making contact with shaft 11 and electricallyconnected to blade 36, mounted on shaft 11 and contact with segments 37,38, 39 as hereinafter described. These segments are electricallyconnected with each other and with ground.' From brush 35 wire 40 leadsto wires 41 and 42, the former connecting with the end of blade 26, andthe latter with wire 43 which extends the length of the car, and whereseveral cars are operated together, with the corresponding wire upon theother cars. From contact 23 a wire 44 leads to wire 45, which extendsthroughout the train the same as wires 29 and 43, and from wire 45 awire 46 leads to coil 17. A wire 47 connects contacts 24 and 25 withground. For convenience a controlling switch 48, similar to controller21 may be located upon the opposite end of the car. When used its ends49 may be con- 50 with the source and Segments 51, 52 may be connectedby wires 53, 54 with wires 28 and 44 respectively, and segments 55, 56may be connected by wire 57 with ground. 'lhe opposite end of the blade49 will be connected by wire 58 with wire 43.

The construction of the controlling switch, motor and valve 12 are shownin detail in Figs. 2 to 11 inclusive. Therswitch comprises the casing21a, containing the insulation supports 22a and 24"L for the segments22, 23 and 24, 25 respectivel rlhe blades 26, making contact with therespective segments 22, 23 and 24, 25, are mounted u on but insulatedfrom the shaft 26h whic 1 is suitably mounted in the casing and is movedby the handle 26". The motor Shown in Figs. 2 and 3 comprises the shaft11 mounted inA a suitable casing 59. The armature 18 is mounted on shaft11 and the coil electrically connected with the commutatore againstwhich brushes 32, contact. 'lhe field coils v16, 17 are rigidlysupported upon the casing. The brush 35 is mounted in the casing andcontacts with the collar of the standard 6() which is rigidly mountedupon but insulated from the Shaft l1. Standard 60 su ports the blade 36which is of suitable resilient material, one end of the blade beingrigidly attached to the standard and the other end of the standardprojecting-'through the blade, in order to permit movement of the bladeat that end. The segments 37, 38 and 39 are attached to the casing andare shown in detail in Figs. 1Q and 11. Segments 38 and 39 are overlaidon top with insulation 61 and are inclined, with respect to segment 37,the segments being so arranged that when the resilient blade resting onsegment 37 is moved its edge will meet the under side of the segment 38or 39 and thus cause the blade to travel along the under side of thesegment, the blade bending as it moves.

When the blade reaches the end of thelseg- `Inent it will snap upwardand away from the segment. When moved backward the segment meets andtravels along the upper insulated face of the segment until it reachesseg- .ment 37, when it snaps against the same.

The valve 12 is arranged upon the end of the motor casing. A flat endplate 62-holds the Valve plate 63 in place, and through these platespass the ports for pipes 13, 14, 15. Upon t 1e plate 63 is fitted aplate 64 having a chamber 65 and two ports 66, 67, adapted to connectany two of ports 14", 15", according as plate 64 is turned. Plate 64 isrovided Iwith a slotted sf`l :ket 67*l into W ich 9 projects a lockingpin 68 carried by shaft 11, the pin being fitter in the socket so as toturn the plate with the shaft. sel-ted between the pin 68 and plate 64in order to insure a mamtenanee of the plate in position against plate63. When shaft 11 is rotated the late 64 is consequently rotated,connecting t e various orts according to the direction and extent ofProtation.

The operation of the system thus far described is substantially asfollows: Assume that 'several carsare coupled together and that thesystem is to be operated from the A spring 69 is incontroller 21 at theleft hand of Fig. l. The

valves 3 and 7 upon all ,the cars will be closed, and springs 1 9 willhold valves 12 in the closed' position, shown in the drawings. ll' theoperator desires to apply the brakes by successive;applications of, air,he moves the controller to make contact with segment 22, thereuponestablishing a circuit from the source through wire 27, blade 26,segment 22, wires 28, 29, 30, field coil 16, wire 31, brush 32, armature18, brush 33, wire 34, brush 35, blade 36, and segment 37 to ground.This circuit being established the armature 18 is given a quarter turnwhich comfects the ports of pipes 13 and 14, thus opening communicationbetween reservoir'l through pipe 13, valve 12, pipe 14 and pipe 5 to thebra (e cylinder. But in. turning, the. shaft 11 moves the blade 36 alongthe underside ol" segment 39. Just after the shaft has turnedsufficiently far. to establish communication between pipes 13 and 14 theblade 36 will 'sogmont 37 und ground;

-pass -l'roin beneath segments 39; :1nd, in

springing.' nu'siy l'roiu said segment will break the circ-uit.ll`horeupon spring l() will restore tholnrninlurc to its imtumlpositioiucuttiug; of1 tronununi ation laitwnon the reservoir und theinuit@ C i'lindQr. ilhri spring: 19 rostoros tho pzu'ls hindi lh u' Alngnin mail@ oontzuzl withv segment und tlisroupon til srircuil. :ihovodosm'iluad will be u ziineslnbiishod :ind the vulveA will heagain-operated to establish connuuniifntion btwon .tho reservoir andluuk@ cylinder. Thisvoponingrannd closing ol tho Viiv@ will continuonslong' ns the ooutrollsr hlndo is loft in this position.- To oll'cot numerg-no1. application.the-hindi) is moved hn enough to make contati.with segment When this Contact inode n pern'nint \t groundis-.estfnhlishod from brush through uiros Ll() and lll', hlznle .Z,sogni/ont. 25 i n'ii'o 47 to gri-muni, thus. .iunii'itnining suiunluro'H2-in position to unfiutniu the coxnniuniin.- tion hetweonfpipos 13andv 14. Siniilnr notion'ol' the appnrntus: will ta plnro upon alllillsother @aus ol' the systoin o y roi-ison of:eslrnbllshment. ot'Similar. circuits Vthroi jh wire-29, upon enel) ol' tho-othor ours. Thehrnkas may h released gradually hy moving blade 26 into Contact. withst-giuonl. 23, thus estnlfilishin yoircuit i'roiu thosourre l-ythroughwni. 27', hind@ 2G, sog'inent 23, wires 4.4-, sind Mitleid i7.wir-ey 3l orush 21.2, arruoturo 18; hrush 33, wir@ .3f-f, brush 35,hind/ol 36, rl`his.circuit cnnsis the movement. ol'` tho motor in theopposite direction toiconnsut pipes 14 und l5, thus connecting-lhs twoonds oll thi-riunito r""lindor with the opposite sidiis ol' the pitonfarces, undA permitting the nir to pass out from "ie ends ol' tho hrsileo ilindor. Vln this i turnos hind@ 23o moves along tho undersiilo' ol'segniont 3S und luvnks contlul,

'special torni ol. controlling Volvo 3 is shown.

The reservoir is oonneclod with vulve $3 h i' n Apipe 70,- tho oppositolends ol' tho lundi@ Cylindor nro oounctod with 'vulve 3% hy u. pip@l T1,:uid th working surhnzos oll the. piston in the hrnls cylinder nroronnoolod with vulve 3 lijf :i pipo T2.

In order that thv systvin muy ho upm-:alud without tho olriftriouontrollor il' dvsirod tho hand valves E und 7 muy ha providod, :mdtheso vulves muy hu conncctod with ri'sirvoir l hy pip-os 73, with.lhs'hoihoioylindor: hy pipes 711, :nul with tho pipo 7l, which oonuiutswilflrlihopiston ondsol tho lu'nlio cylin- ;l;-r hy pipas` 75.'.lhrvolviV` 3u ooniprisis a, sliding' rod To which is suilnhlyinountfifiliu tho onsing ol' the salvo :ind uznrics tho'spring prises-odslid.q Tlf' which is ndnptod to connect. ports Tl, 72 orl), T1-,zuiuorilinfhiI tvo-tho diroction in which lfhrev slid(` is inovid.-Springs 78, 7l) in tho opposili @nds ol Volvo 1-3 oporutio upon thoondsot rod-7G :ind tend to rru'iintoin the sanno in the positioushown inthv drnw-V ings in which :ill tho ports uw closed. ln thi"l oppositionds ol: lh@ @using nro also contained tho (foils SU, Sl. whiifhrospenlivoly control tho ziriunturifs 32, H :ltlnohod to shalt... 7G. lnono und ol' thix onsing is l'orniod n chzunlnr S4 :uid in rhninlur 84 isnr piston S5 mounted upon shrill 7(3, und :in opening Sli is zirrnugodin Lho casing in such position that-.whim vpiston inovid to tho positionto connect, ports 7l), T2, hy thv slido T7 tho rostriotodopruing Stiwill lu unoovorod by tho piston N5. A pipo 87 conuirls clunnhm S11 withpipoy T2. From thv. -lsouroo ol ourront/ n cir# @uit londs through thoros wol/ivo coils S() :md Si :is follows: wirv 5ST, coi Sli, wire 8S tosog` monts Sl) oltho oontrollvr 2l nndffroxu the blade 26 ol thecontroller n, Wire`-r .)Uflozrds to ground; troni thel souri'o hy wirolll-7 coil 81, iro SL to siginont 93 ol oontrollor l. Soginout il?, isoonnoiflod with sigrnont Ol hy il, rosistunro 95, this` rosislnncoliving so zit-- tniflud that. whon Contact is unido with soginiint .)4tho curriut will not ho strong onough to onnhlo xnognrl. Sl to hold rod7l' u-gninst thi,x prossuro l'ronr rosorvoir upon piston S5 :islwroinnllir dosorilud. Without tho risislonor tho lunghi-t will hastrong onough to niovo tho rod ngniusl prossuro on piston H53. Whom nsiiniltnopornling conlfrollor llt; is to hr loontid nl, tho opposili`und ol' tho 'nr lho soginont .)il'i will ho oonuoolod with wir@y 38 by'wirrx l?? und sog-monts Ei$`nud lll), conniilvid im' rvsistuuoi lill),will lio 51 `unoolrilv u'ilh unw Ell? hy wil-o lill. illiros .)2 nud il?:iro counorlod rospriiivoly hy u'iros m2 :uid 103 with lho wiros lillsind lll?) which ixtond lhriuighoul thv longlih ol tho trnin u'lwrosow-rol sus nro oporzitod in multiplo. ln lhis inslmuzi nddilioi'uilrosorvoirs llll nro lountod upon tho l'ispii'liw ours :ind oon-k niciodwith rosorvoirs l lu" pipvs lllT Whioh contain riduong vnlvis 'luth 'l`oapply tlulu'nlufs llu opurnlor niovos tho hln-do 2o into roulurl with.sognuul EN, whiili istnlilislus i i'ii'i'uil` l'i'oin lh(l lsourcothrough \\.i1 .ll. roll Hl. u'iroS32)sig1n nl 91S, osisiuuoo 95,sigginoul. Ell, liludi 2li uid wiri El() to `'roonih lpon iauh ol' thi`othor ours in thi sjyslrni lho i'irouil will ho lrolu the Al sourcothrough wiro lll, coil Sl, u'iri L, wiro 102, u'iri luf), wiro lll2 nl.tho nr upon which tho oonlrollvr isghoing opirntod, nud thonet 'toground ns lwl'oro dosifrilwil. 'lhis circuiti' lll() lll5 ` rod 76 tocause release. oll the brakes as before tion as above described.Emergency application may also be caused by moving switch blade 111 intocontact with contact 112 andv thus grounding coil 81, or by openingswitch I 113 and permitting spring 78 to move rod energizes coil 81which acting upon armature 83 moves rod 76 and slide 77 to such positionthat pipes and 72 are connected. Thereupon air is admitted from thereservoir through pipes 70 and 72 to the brake. cylinkder. AAt the sametime air from the. reservoir -76, either alone or aided by coil 81. InFig. enter spi p e 87 from pipe 72 and enters cham- 14 the wires 88 and91 are connected by Wire ber 84, and acting upon piston 85 moves the I114 with the operating current intermediate valve to connect pipes 71and 72, and closes i the'controller 115 and the motor 116. Blade pipe70, thus shutting ofi' vpressure from the 26 is adapted to make contactwith the rereservoir and permitting leakage of pressure l spectiveresistance contact 117 and 1.18. In from the brake cylinder t'o theatmosphere I thisiinstance when current is cut off from the and alsoconnecting the small o ening 86 motor by controller 115, the motoracting as with chamber 84 and permitting fieakage of l a generatorfurnishes current for the energizair from chamber 84. 'Ihis fanning ingof the proper coil 80 or 81. movement of the valve 3 will continue as Inorder to insure a constant supply of curlong as blade 26 is in contactwith segment rent for operating the valve, the-wire 11.4, of 94. Anemergency application of the brakes Fig. 14, may be connected with boththe aris secured by moving blade 26 into contact mature circuit of themotor `and with the with segment 93 which cuts out resistance 95lighting circuit of the car, or with a'storage and thereupon coil 81becomes strong enough battery 119, as shown in Fig. 15. v to hold theslide 77 in position to connect the lt will be seen of course thatvarious arreservoir and brake cylinder notwithstandrangements ofconnections and circuits may ing the )ressure upon piston 85. lo releasebe employed, and that any suitable types of the bra {cs the blade 26 ismoved into conbrake and valve mechanism may also be tact with segment 89whereupon a circuit isl used, Witholt` departing from the invention,established from the -lsource through wire and I therefore desire it tobe understood 87, coil 80, Wire 88, segment 89, blade 26 and that I donot limit wire 90 to ground. Also from the other cars struction shown.through wires 104 and 103 to segment 89 and Having thus described myinvention, I to ground at the controller from which the declare thatwhat l cla-im as new and desire system is being operated. This circuitenerto Secure by Letters Patent, is;- gizes coil 80 and moves thearmature 82, rod 1. 'lhc combination with a reservoir, brake 76 andslide 77 into position to connect pipes cylinder and a valve-controllingcommunica- 71 and 72, thus'permitting the discharge ol tion .between thesame, ofnieans for normally air from the. brake cylinder to theatmosphere. llollllng said valve with the ports closed, elec- If itshould be desired to operate the mechtric circuits controlling saidvalve, and anism upon any one of the cars without respect to theelectric controller the. valves 3 or 7 may be o )erated by hand toconnect the reservoir with the brake cylinder or the brake cylinder withthe. exhaust pipes.

ln Figs. 13 to I6 l have. illustrated indiagram different arrangementsof connections. ln Fig. 16 thel diagram illustrates the circuitsheretoforedescribed with respect to Fig. l2. ln Fig. 13 l haveprovided'that the circuit shall be always grounded through coil 80, thesegment 89 being connected through resistance 109 with segment. 110. Theforce of spring 78 is so adjusted that it. balances the force of coil80, when the resistance 109 is in circuit, thereby maintaining ro`d inposition to close all the ports of the valve. lf now, blade 26 is movedto cut out. resistance 109 the coil 8() overcomes spring 78 and movessaid valve, substantially as described.

2. The combination with a reservoir, brake cylinder and a valvecontrolling communication between the same, of means for normallyholding said valve against movement in either direction with theportsclosed, electric circuits controlling said valve, and means'forregulating said circuits to actuate said valve, substantially asdescribed.

3. The combination with a reservoir, brake cylinder and a valvecontrolling communication between the same, of means for normallyholding said valve against movement in either direction, with the portsclosed, electric circuits controlling said-valve, means for regulatingsaid circuits to actuate 'said valve., and means for energizing eitherol' said circuits, substantially as described.

4. The combination with a reservoir, brake cylinder and a valvecontrolling communication between the same, of means for normallyholding said valve against movement in either direction, with the portsclosed, electric circuits controlling said valve, means for regulatingsaid circuits to actuate said valve, means vfor energizing either ofsaid circuits, and a controller adapted to regulate described. lf blade26 is 'moved into contact with segment 94 the coil 8l receives enoughcurrent to unbalance the spring 78 and coil 80, and move rod 76 in theopposite direction and cause the successive opcnin(r and closing ol` theValve as heretofore described. lovement of blade 26 to segment 93 cutsout resistance 95 and causes an emergency applica.-

myself to thev precise conmeans for regulating said circuits to actuatethe intensity thereof, substantially as described.

5. The combination with they reservoir, brake cylinder and valvecontrolling communication between the same, ol electric circuitscontrolling said valve, means for normally holding said valve in closedposition, and means lor energizing either ol' said circuits to move thevalve in one direction or the other, substantially as described.

6. The combination of a plurality ol' cars cach having a brakemechanism, a valve controlling the operation ol' the same, electriccircuits controlling said valve, means normally holding the valveagainst movement, a circuit between said cars, and means l'or groundingsaid circuit through one oll the circuits on each ol the cars, saidmeans being operated Yl'rom one ol' the cars, substantially asdescribed.

'7. The combination ol' a plurality ol' cars each having a brakemechanism, a valve controlling the'operation ol' lthc saine, electriccircuits controlling said valve, a circuit between said cars, and means'for grounding said circuit through one of the circuits on each oll thecarssaid means being operated from one of the cars, substantially asdescribed.

8. The combination with the reservoir, brake cylinder and lvalvecontrolling communication between the same, ol' an electric motoradapted to move said valve, means l'or normally holding said valve inclosed position, and means for electrically actuating said motor in onedirection or the other, substantially as described.

9. The combination with the reservoir, brake cylinder and valvecontrolling communication between the same, ol' an electric l Amotoradapted to move said valve, means lor electrically actuatmg said motor1n one direction,.or the other, means whereby when said motor is movedto open communication between the reservoir md brake cylinder the motorwill return to normal position, and means for preventing the operationoi' said last named means, substantially as described.

10. The combination with the reservoir, brake cylinder and valvecontrolling communication between the same, ol' an electric motoradapted to move saidvalve and having two actuating coils, an electriccircuit, means l'or grounding the same through either of said coils,means tor maintaining the valve in normal position, and means forpreventing the operation of said last named means, substantially asdescribed 1'1. The combination ot' a plu'ralit f of cars, each of whichis provided with a brake mechanism, a valve controlling the operation ofthe same, and an electric motor for operating said valve, said motorhaving two actuating coils, means normally holding the motor againstmovement, an electric circuit extending throughout the train, andcontrollers upon each of said cars adapted to ground said circuitthrough either one ot'said coils upon all of the cars,`a1id to vary theintensity of the circuit, substantially as described.

12. 'lhe combination with the-reservoir, brake cylinder and valvecontrolling communication between the same, of an electric motor adaptedto move said valve, means for electrically actuating said motor, meansfor automatically returning said motor to normal position innnediatclyafter each movement thereof, and means for establishing an electriccircuit including said motor, substantially as described.

13. The combination with a compressed air supply, 'of a brake cylinder,a valve controlling rthe communication between the air supply and thebrake cylinder, means for causing the valve to assume a normally neutralposition, and controlling means adapted to cause the automatic alternateoperation ol the said means, substantially as described.

14. The combination with a reservoir, of a brake cylinder, a valvecontrolling the communication between the same, means for automaticallygoverning the valve to alternatcly apply and release the brakes,substantially as described.

15. The combination with a reservoir, ol' a brake cylinder, and a valvecontrolling the connnunication between thesame, means for automaticallygoverning the valve to alternately apply and release the brakes, andcontrolling means therefor, substantially as described.

16. T he combination with a reservoir of a brake cylinder and a valve.controlling communication between thc same, means for automaticallyreciprocating the valve to apply and release the brakes, and controllingmeans therefor, substantially as described.

17. The combination with a reservoir, of a brakccylinder and a valvecontrolling the communication between the same, means for operating thevalve to apply and release the brakes alternately, and controlling meanstherefor, whereby the brakes may be ITanned, held set, or an emergencyapplication may be made, substantially as dc.- scribed.

18. The combination with a reservoir, of a brake cylinder', a valvecontrolling communication between the same, electric means forcontrolling said valve to alternately applv and release the brakesautomatically, substantially as described.

19. The combination with a reservoir, of a brake cylinder, a valvecontrolling the communication between the same, electrical means forcontrol-ling said valve to alternately apply and release the ,brakesautomatically, and a controller whereby the brakes can be fanned,heldset, 'o1' an emergency application be made, substantially as 'described.

20. vIn a brake mechanism, the combination with a brake, of electricallycontrolled automatic means for alternately applyin and releasing thebrake continuously, an means under the control of the operator forthrowing said automatic means in and out of action, substantially asdescribed.

I In testimony whereof I aiiix i in presence `of tWo witnesses.

A FRANK B. RAE.

my signature,

Witnesses: STANTON CLARKE,' O. J. GILLETTY

